Touring+the+Cell

In Chapter 4, we begin to learn about microscopes, allowing us to discover the world of cells. Cells have vary in size, structure, and function. There are specific organelles within the cell that help make everything happen that needs to be done. These organelles are crucial in any organisms survival. Here are many of them and their functions within the cell:

controls cell's functions and holds DNA to form proteins
 * Nucleus**

Called "rough" because it has ribosomes studded to it.
 * Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)**

Called "smooth" because, unlike the RER, it doesn't have ribosomes on it.
 * Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)**

A "post office" because it receives products from the endoplasmic reticulum, modifies them, stores them, and then stamps them and ships them to other parts off the cell.
 * Golgi Apparatus**

Similar to a "torture chamber" because it breaks down foreigners to the body using enzymes which holds for long periods of time.
 * Lysosome**

Sort of like a water tower because it stores the water the plant needs for suvival. It also contains enzymes for digestion.
 * Central Vacuole** (found only in plants)

Like a heart it contracts and bulges out again. When it is filled with water the plant stands up right like a filled water balloon and when it is empty the plant deflates/wilts like an empty water balloon.
 * Contratile Vacuole**

transport part of cell which connects to other membranes (lined structures)
 * Vesicle**

They are like Electrical Generators, using metabolically active membranes that makes it possible for them to do complex conversions form light NRG to CHEM. NRG
 * Chloroplasts**

Like an engine room of a train, it makes energy by complicated reactions between oxygen and digestive products
 * Mitochondria**

The Ozone layer is a good comparison to a cell membrane because it protects homeostasis of the earth like a Cell Membrane does for the internal part of the cell. They also both allow the importation and exportation of materials to and from the earth/cell.
 * Cell Membrane**

Help cells to move and change shape like flexible metal cables.
 * Cytoskeleton Microfilaments**

Serve as reinforcing rods for bearing tension and holding certain organelles in place like the support beams of a house.
 * Cyoskeleton Intermediate Filaments**

Provide rigidity and shape for a cell like a plastic mold.
 * Cytoskeleton MIcrotubules**

It is the floor of the cell discluding the nucleus.
 * Cytoplasm**

Like a stepping stool, it is a group of microtubules which lengthen spindles, used by moving chromatids during divisions.
 * Centrioles**

Like a security checkpoint it protects inside of cell from outer interactions and controls what goes in and out of cell.
 * Cell Membrane**

Where protein synthesis occurs, amino acids are ordered based on RNA from nucleus.
 * Ribosomes**

(Third Edition of Biology Concepts and Connections)