Chapter+1+Glossary

__**1.1 Levels of Organization**__
 * Ecosystem-** highest structured level in which life is organized, includes biotic and abiotic factors
 * Community-** all organisms living in an area, biotic
 * Population-** interacting group of one species
 * Organism-** individual living organism
 * Organ System-** group of organs working together in a body
 * Organ-** structure made of several tissues to perform a specific function
 * Tissue-** unit of similar cells, perform functions in multicellular organisms
 * Cell-** unit of living matter, separated from environment my membrane
 * Molecule-** a cluster of atoms
 * DNA-** genetic material inherited by organisms

__**1.2-1.3 The Process of Science**__
 * Hypothesis**- An educated guess or explanation with reasoning about a experiment or fact
 * Observation**- Notes you take using your senses
 * Qualitative Observation**- An observation made using your senses: ex: smell, color, texture, appearance
 * Quantitative Observation**-An observation made having to do with the numbers: ex: weight, measure, height, length
 * Inference**- A prediction you make using what you know (background information)
 * Conclusion**- Your overall opinion/result using your data tested
 * Inductive Reasoning**- Starting from general and reasoning to specific
 * Deductive Reasoning**- Starting from specific and reasoning to general
 * Control Groups (+/-)**- positive: a control experiment that you know will give you the results you want, negative: a control experiment that you know will give you the opposite result of what you want
 * Constants-** something that stays the same within all variations of an experiment
 * Data**- Information that is collected from an experiment or test
 * Independent Variable-** The variable that keeps going throughout the experiment (ex. time)
 * Dependent Variable-** The data that changes depending on the independent variable
 * Title-** States all that is shown in the graph and all that you are testing

__**1.4 Evolution, Unity & Diversity**__ Domains: Kingdoms:
 * Prokaryote**- organism, has cell(s) with no nucleus
 * Eukaryote**- organism, has cells with a nucleus and internal structures
 * Bacteria-** group of prokaryotes, "new"
 * Archaea-** group of prokaryotes, "old," Found in extreamofiles/extreme atmospheres
 * Eukarya-** organism made of eukaryote cells, includes protists, plants, fungi, and animalia
 * Protists-** make own food molecules by photosynthesis
 * Plants-** use photosynthesis, has cells with strong walls made of cellulose
 * Fungi-** decompose remains of dead organisms and absorb nutrients
 * Animalia-** eat other organisms, its cells lack rigid walls, usually motile


 * __1.5 Properties of Life__**
 * Order-** all organisms show complex organization
 * Regulation-** mechanisms maintain internal environment within limits that sustain life
 * Growth and Development-** each species has its own growth pattern and development characteristics
 * Energy Utilization-** transformation of energy to perform
 * Response to Environment-** all organisms respond to environmental factors
 * Reproduction-** DNA creates precise reproduction, organisms reproduce their own kind
 * Evolution-** reproduction creates ability for species to change over time


 * __1.6 Evolution Explains the unity and diversity of life__**
 * Natural Selection-** process through which organisms in a species with a favorable trait for survival pass on this trait to their offspring, whereas organisms with unfavorable traits die and don't pass on these traits, resulting in species having traits better geared for survival over time
 * Heritable Variations-** differences that can be passed on
 * Environmental Factors-** elements in the environment that affect a species' chance of survival
 * Reproductive Success-** the success with which an organism reproduces, natural selection favors species with high reproductive success